如果未来面试官是机器人，你该如何表现才能过关？
编者按：Krista Jones最近在Venturebeat发表了一篇文章，题为How to charm the bots in charge of hiring for your dream job，介绍了一下现在求职过程中AI的使用情况，并向求职者给出了一些建议。
人工智能正在迅速改变着医疗等行业，也可以真的帮助人们更好地生活，但希望与担忧同在，很多人担心AI会取代人类的工作。同时，商业届的现有AI平台加快处理进程的速度要比取代进程的节奏快很多。现在我们无法说出AI到底会有怎样的影响，世界经济论坛近期的一份报告预测自动化到2022年至少会取代5百万份工作。现在唯一清楚的是：未来人们的工作方式和公司看待员工的方式都在被AI改变。
除了一些重复性劳动，我们研发的AI技术在一些岗位中，可以让人和科技一同工作，比如招聘和人力资源。其实，数以百万的招聘人员正在用AI或Ideal这样的机器学习公司来扫描数千份简历和领英页面，以精确地挑选相关候选人。所以，如果你没收到面试电话，可能就是因为AI把你从可能的人才池中筛了出去。一个平台可能让你和理想工作擦身而过，而另一个平台可能会让你避开职业雷区。
要注意的是AI在人力资源领域内的用处早已超出挑选候选人这一件事了。Plum等AI平台会基于就业前针对某种行为的筛选问题，将候选人与公司匹配到一起。在招聘初期，它们可以完全不需要简历，只需要名字、教育和工作经历。它们对成功原因和成就的关注度是一样多的。同时，Knockri用视频来检验未来的雇员。这项技术通过视频回应评估了应征人的口头和非口头交流技巧。与传统的视频面试平台不同，AI工具保证了在筛选过程中，姓名、性别、种族、甚至是口音都不会影响结果。
未来，求职者必须要与AI一同找到合适的岗位，并与潜在的雇主一起迈出找工作的第一步。对想转行、找到更具挑战性的工作、或想让工资稳定的人来说，这种双向现实也带来了新的挑战。为了赶上这个节奏，以下是一些如何更好总结职业经验的建议，以让你更好地面对强大但没有心跳的简历阅读者。
挖掘你的创造性
如果你想进入一家用AI技术辅佐人力资源工作的新公司，你需要放弃简历设计的技巧。招聘者利用过滤软件寻找特定词汇来匹配岗位需求这件事已经见怪不怪了。太泛泛而谈和太新颖的简历会被机器忽略。
是的，创造性是有利的，但是要谨慎考虑。比如，若你是一个软件工程师，你可以在编程测试中发挥创造性，用简单独特的方式解决复杂问题。或者，若你是一个平面设计师，布局、调色和字体都是展现你风格和品位的重要指标。最后，求职者应该展示他们价值主张的独特方面，来突出自己。
学会和聊天机器人聊天
聊天机器人是招聘频繁的公司的第一道屏障。雇主经常会使用Karen.ai等服务来将应聘者分类。用一份简历投递多个职位的日子已经一去不复返了。在和聊天机器人主导的面试中和传统的求职信上，应聘者必须通过展示自身性格和总体职业路径，强调自己和所应聘的岗位之间的相关性。聊天机器人会通过与应聘者整个线上讨论的过程来进行评估。因此，应聘者在和聊天机器人聊天时要注意专业和聊天礼仪，以更有可能进入招聘的下一环节。
拥抱共同的职业未来
我认为AI辅助的招聘过程所创造的求职环境会保持下去。企业会更多地使用AI软件来将应聘者分类。这就意味着，应聘者需要直白清楚地写出自己的背景，用通俗地写出自己相关的工作经历。求职者在找工作的时候应做好准备，了解到AI也会像人类一样去了解他们，而不是仅仅列出自己的成就。最后，在面对拥挤的市场和越来越高的招聘要求时，求职者一定要知道如何让简历和申请表符合这些系统。
原文地址：https://venturebeat.com/2017/11/20/how-to-charm-the-bots-in-charge-of-hiring-for-your-dream-job/
编译组出品。编辑：郝鹏程
本文翻译自 venturebeat.com，原文链接。如若转载请注明出处。
英文阅读：（人工智能与人力资源）AI and human understanding will win the war for talent
简单讲就是AI人工智能与人力资源是一个好的结合点，尤其是招聘面试的时候，AI可以更好的帮忙搜索简历，进行人才搜寻。
同时面试的时候可以用人工智能的聊天机器人与候选人进行基础的面试管理安排以及与面试官进行协作。这块国内专注面试管理服务的优面宝已经开始这方面的工作。在前期职位分析与人才匹配阶段国内很多招聘服务机构也开始了各种的AI机器人的工作。
一切都在路上！人工智能在人力资源上的机会刚刚开始！
One of the most well known tropes in startup and tech culture is that your business is only as good as the team behind it. You can’t do anything without having a strong team, and the most important job for every manager is to hire quality talent that fits into the preexisting team dynamics. The HR and recruiting industry has dedicated itself to finding the people who are right for your company, but the process of skimming resumes and calling in highly rated candidates for an interview hasn’t changed for the past decade or so.
However, the newest trend, AI, is infiltrating all industries. While it might be a very good thing, you shouldn’t put all your hiring eggs in that AI basket. The best solution combines the strengths of HR and AI.
AI in the hiring process
We’ve all been hearing (and reading) about how AI will completely take over our lives. We’ve also been frightened into thinking it will soon replace all of us. While the job of getting people jobs will not be replaced by AI anytime soon, the tech can offer major improvements to the process.
To find the right talent, you need to have the ability to scan resumes quickly, read people immediately, and imagine the future of the applicant sitting in front of you. While some of that work can be replaced by AI, currently we are nowhere near an AI that can read people and assess their fit within the culture of the workplace. But some of the processes for finding the right people to join your company — such as immediately asking for more information, screening, and highlighting special candidates — can be done more quickly and efficiently with AI.
The integration of AI is not just about saving the company time and resources. It also saves time and uncertainty for the candidate. Getting back to top talent to set up an interview a week from now is the best way to have them move on to the next opportunity. If you can provide instantaneous feedback on every application, you get a leg up over other companies looking to snag that candidate, instead of wasting their time and missing a hire.
Onboarding with chatbots
The optimal way to maximize efficiency is combining human and technological resources. A chatbot can onboard new candidates as quickly as possible, as opposed to a form that might never get filled out. If you build a real AI chat bot, you can give candidates real-time feedback on their applications and ask questions to gather information before any interview is scheduled. The bot can even automatically analyze the candidate’s resume and information while onboarding and give them real-time responses relevant to them, making sure that the right people get called in for an interview and that the interviewer has the right information before even asking the first question.
After the chatbot has done its job and flagged the relevant candidates according to your parameters, the human element kicks in. Hiring managers don’t have to read the whole resume, supporting documents, and answers to a questionnaire because AIs can create a personalized summary of documents. The AI behind the hiring process can create a five-bullet summary of everything that’s important to know about each candidate. It can even set up the interview on its own. This means even small companies where C-level executives do the hiring don’t waste time on pre-interview screening, and interviewers have concise information about each candidate before they walk in the room.
The interview is where the human intelligence and expertise shine. Things like a candidate’s cultural fit, connection, and ability to work with others, along with the hiring manager’s overall impression of a person, are vital. Humans can focus on what they do best and automate the rest.
The future of AI in recruiting
At the end of the day, hiring a person doesn’t just hinge on facts and figures, it depends on who they are. And that’s something AIs still can’t assess. But the process of going through those facts and figures to see if someone is qualified can certainly be automated by an intelligent bot. The value is increased by the fact that you can onboard and convert candidates quickly, meaning top talent will be more likely to work for you and you’ll take less time filling important positions at your company. The combination of AI and human understanding is what hiring managers need to win the war on talent — and save a few dollars, as well as time.
Moritz Kothe is the chief executive officer of kununu, a place to find and share workplace insights.
An Email From Elon Musk Reveals Why Managers Are Always a Bad idea
By Chuck Blakeman Founder, Crankset Group @ChuckBlakeman
Survey.com's annual "Wasting Time at Work" report revealed that if you eliminate managers completely, you remove 75 percent of the reasons someone will leave your company. There is a simple reason for that. They're in the way, literally. Elon Musk knows that, and isn't alone.
Before Elon Musk, There Was Gore
Bill Gore, co-inventor of Gore-Tex and founder of the $3.3 billion company W. L. Gore, understood the idea implicitly and built his entire company around self-managed teams and the absence of managers of any kind. In 1976, he published a simple paper called "The Lattice Organization" that described how a company of any size (Gore has 10,200 staff) could run much better without managers. He expressed the simplicity of an organization designed around the Lattice concept in the following illustration.
The message: collaborate with whomever you need to, whenever you need to, without ever going through a manager to get to anyone.
This brilliantly simple illustration of an organization built around efficient and effective communications makes it very clear that if you need something from someone else in the organization, you go to that person. If your team needs something from another team, you go to that team. In the Lattice Organization, there are no managers, or inboxes and outboxes at multiple levels, or politics and departmental fiefdoms to wade through. Today, there are nearly a hundred very large companies like W. L. Gore that operate this way and thousands of smaller ones.
An Enduring Truth
The Lattice Organization continues to spread. An internal email, revealed only recently, from Elon Musk to all Tesla staff shows that Musk intuitively understands that managers add no value in pushing great ideas forward, but instead are more likely to slow down innovation, communications, and production. It's the Lattice concept clearly articulated once again, 40 years later by a business leader of the next generation:
From: Elon Musk
To: All Tesla Staff
Subject: Communication Within Tesla
There are two schools of thought about how information should flow. By far the most common way is chain of command, which means that you always flow communication through your manager. The problem with this approach is that, while it enhances the power of the manager, it fails to serve the company.
To solve a problem quickly, two people in different depts should simply talk and make the right thing happen. Instead, people are forced to talk to their manager, who talks to their manager, who talks to the manager in the other dept, who talks to someone on his team. Then the info has to flow back the other way again. This is incredibly dumb. Any manager who allows this to happen, let alone encourages it, will soon find themselves working at another company. No kidding.
Anyone at Tesla can and should email/talk to anyone else according to what they think is the fastest way to solve a problem for the benefit of the whole company.
You can talk to your manager's manager without his permission, you can talk directly to a VP in another dept, you can talk to me, you can talk to anyone without anyone else's permission. Moreover, you should consider yourself obligated to do so until the right thing happens. The point here is to ensure that we execute ultra-fast and well. We obviously cannot compete with the big car companies in size, so we must do so with intelligence and agility.
One final point is that managers should work hard to ensure that they are not creating silos within the company that create an "us vs. them" mentality, or impede communication in any way. This is unfortunately a natural tendency and needs to be actively fought. How can it possibly help Tesla for depts to erect barriers between themselves, or see their success as relative within the company instead of collective?
We are all in the same boat. Always view yourself as working for the good of the company and never your dept.
Thanks, Elon
W. L. Gore never had to send such an email, and if Musk is serious about keeping managers from being obstructionists, he would do well to eliminate them altogether as Gore and many other companies have done. But clearly Musk gets that they don't naturally add value to the communications and innovations chains. To the contrary, their natural obstructionism must be mitigated against as a firing offense.
Loyalty to the Hierarchy
Is your company addicted to serving hierarchies or getting things done? Musk warned that managers will get fired for even allowing communications to go through them. In almost all companies, people get fired for going directly to the source of an answer instead of paying homage and worshiping at the feet of the hierarchy. In companies with managers, Dilbert reigns, and the only solution is an email from the top of the pyramid demanding that managers stay out of the way.
As Musk says and Gore illustrates, this is all incredibly dumb. Yet most companies continue to allow managers to exist, slow things down, and gum up the works with power struggles and politics, in the face of simple logic that says they don't add value. Musk warns that people should get fired for getting in the middle of collaboration, yet that is at the very core of a manager's job -- to get in the middle of everything.
Unencumbered Communications
Do you want yours to be a great company with 100 percent engagement where everyone works for the company, instead of some incredibly dumb, departmental fiefdom? Eliminating the requirement to communicate through managers is a great step in that direction. A hundred large companies and thousands of smaller ones have already figured that out.
It's your turn.
原文链接：https://www.inc.com/chuck-blakeman/an-email-from-elon-musk-reveals-why-managers-are-always-a-bad-idea.html
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