2018年50个最佳工作场所一览 The 50 Best Workplaces for Giving Back in 2018
By FORTUNE EDITORS February 9, 2018
现今，员工对企业的要求越来越多，而不再仅限于对薪水和身份的需求 - 他们希望自己的工作有正面的影响。但是现在的企业慈善捐款往往只是公关活动。但对于以下这些公司来说，并非如此，这些公司所做的超越了他们的使命，他们捐出现金，贡献专业知识以及大量志愿时间。“财富”合作伙伴Great Place to Work，梳理了成千上万的员工调查，通过员工评选出了在变革创新方面做的最好的企业，汇集出了以下50家美国公司名单。
Increasingly, employees are asking for more from companies than just a paycheck and an ID badge—they want to know their work has a positive impact. But corporate philanthropic contributions these days often seem like little more than PR campaigns. Not so at these companies, which truly go above and beyond in their mission to give back—donating cash, expertise, and lots (and lots) of volunteer hours. Fortune partner Great Place to Work combed through hundreds of thousands of employee surveys to compile the following list of the U.S. companies that workers say are doing the best job at making a difference.
Click here to read more about the list, and find out more about how the ranking is compiled here.
1. Salesforce
Courtesy of Salesforce
Employees say:
“Salesforce really cares about giving back to the community. You get additional time off specifically for volunteering, and my manager strongly encourages me to take it, and takes her time herself. I feel like I can trust executives to ‘put their money where their mouth is’ when they make commitments. For example, Marc Benioff himself personally supports a variety of causes, as well as advocating for them publicly.”
“Salesforce’s dedication to Volunteer Time Off and other philanthropic initiatives is unlike anything I’ve experienced or even heard about at other companies. It is an important part of our culture from top to bottom.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: San Francisco
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 27,070
Total Philanthropic Donations: $177,200,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
2. Bank of America
Courtesy of Bank of America
Employees say:
“Our volunteer efforts are second-to-none. We are encouraged to engage in our community as a way to make our city better. This means discussions about economic mobility, race relations, hunger and literacy, and any other issue that we feel personally inspired to support. Each employee is given two hours a week to volunteer to help spark that process.”
“The company is constantly looking for ways to contribute to the community. Recently we had a book drive and donated over 450 books to a local community outreach center.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Charlotte, N.C.
Industry: Financial Services & Insurance
Worldwide employees: 200,000
Total Philanthropic Donations: $176,173,927
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
3. Cisco
Courtesy of Cisco
Employees say:
“The community service program is outstanding, whether donating funds or time. Five work days annually for giving back to the community is generous. I love reading the stories of how employees have chosen to use their time around the world. The matching gift program is extremely generous, and the funds provided for volunteer hours is so beneficial.”
“I love the unique week of time off we get to volunteer in the community.That shows that Cisco is committed to being a part of the community and makes me proud to work here.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: San Jose, Calif.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 72,063
Total Philanthropic Donations: $309,400,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
4. Merck
Courtesy of Merck
Employees say:
“Volunteering with community programs (individually or as part of a group) is both encouraged and supported with financial gift programs to these organizations and time away from work to support the community (for instance the United Way Day of Action). To me, this shows that “Merck gives back” is not just a slogan, but a way of doing business and being a good neighbor and citizen in the local community.”
“It’s great that they encourage you to volunteer during work hours. Volunteering gives you the personal satisfaction of knowing that you’re helping out while making you feeling more fulfilled. It makes you a more well-rounded person.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Kenilworth, N.J.
Industry: Biotechnology & Pharmaceuticals
Worldwide employees: 69,000
Total Philanthropic Donations: $910,600,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
5. Nvidia
Photograph by Joshua A. Wise
Employees say:
“Nvidia is committed to supporting our community and making it a better place to live. Several years ago we opted out of holiday parties and instead spent that money and hundreds/thousands of employee hours to invest in refreshing schools nearby with facelifts, new equipment, sod, murals, new paint. It brings Nvidian’s together for a common good, benefits schools in dire need of an upgrade and is a great team building activity. That is just one example.”
“Instead of spending money on a Christmas holiday party, we volunteer and help out the local community in our yearly event called Project Inspire. We team up to tackle things like improving local high school classrooms or enhancing playgrounds.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Santa Clara, Calif.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 10,771
Total Philanthropic Donations: $8,320,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
6. Deloitte
Courtesy of Deloitte
Employees say:
“Deloitte is committed to its communities in which it does work—especially looking for opportunities to support underprivileged members of the community. Not only do we set aside Impact Day, but we also actively support individuals pursue their passions with local charities.”
“Deloitte invests in being a good member of its community, wherever we are. Impact Day, a day of service, is an amazing keystone event, but community service also is supported and encouraged throughout the year.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: New York City
Industry: Professional Services
Worldwide employees: 87,091
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
7. Intuit
Courtesy of Intuit
Employees say:
“There is a sense of community. Whether it is to answer the call of urgent help needed by a local non-profit or to help one of our own, the company is full of great people who rally together to help. For example, an organization that helps homeless teens had their pantry robbed. One of the Intuit employees found out and started an immediate food drive and everyone started contributing. That’s just one example.”
“I’m very proud that one of our values is “We Care and Give Back,” this is a genuine value, from the special weeks of service Intuit holds to the fact that we have up to 32 hours a year we can spend on volunteer activities to serve our community.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Mountain View, Calif.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 8,223
Total Philanthropic Donations: $49,554,024
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
8. AbbVie
Courtesy of Abbvie
Employees say:
“AbbVie lets employees participate in events that benefit the community: Helping a local school set up its renovated library; assisting with cleanup a nearby state park; many other things too. ”
“AbbVie goes above and beyond to give back to the communities in which its employees work and live, and encourages employees to participate by volunteering (allowing time off to do so). ”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: North Chicago
Industry: Biotechnology & Pharmaceuticals
Worldwide employees: 27,910
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
9. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Courtesy of Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Employees say:
“In terms of non-profit philanthropic organizations, the fact that we focus on impact investing sets us apart to some degree. Every dollar that we invest with our partners is scrutinized to ensure that it is directly impacting a root cause of inequity. That makes it easy to see the line between one’s work and the benefit it provides. This feeling that you are providing genuine value to the world community is intensely satisfying.”
“We have 3:1 matching gifts for employee charitable donations including a new program to honor employee anniversary milestones at 5, 10, 15, 20, etc. years by giving $5,000+ for employees to donate. ”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Seattle
Worldwide employees: 1,531
Total Philanthropic Donations: 9,522,950
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
10. Autodesk
Courtesy of Autodesk
Employees say:
“The way this company cares about the community, I’ve never been involved with another company that gives so much back. They offer so many ways for employees to be involved with volunteering, matching donations, even donating money to match volunteer hours. ”
“The Autodesk Foundation is unique in my experience, and engages with the community in ways that benefits the community and is consistent with Autodesk’s core strategies—it’s a model for how corporations can and should add value to the community.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: San Rafael, Calif.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 8,794
Total Philanthropic Donations: $20,900,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
11. Dixon Schwabl
Courtesy of Dixon Schwabl
Employees say:
“As someone new to the company, I love seeing how compassionate everyone is. I have yet to come across someone working here that isn’t involved with helping others in our community. I love that, it is so beautiful. I have also seen people band together to help one another during personal strife, without any hesitations. The people here, starting from the very top, are amazing! I am so glad that I am here and a part of this wonderful group of people. ”
“Each year we are given one free day of PTO to volunteer in the community. They also organize group volunteer opportunities based on people’s interests quarterly. This has allowed me to get involved in organizations I wouldn’t have had a chance to.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Victor, N.Y.
Industry: Advertising & Marketing
U.S. employees: 120
Total Philanthropic Donations: $1,600,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
12. NuStar Energy
Courtesy of NuStar
Employees say:
“Nustar also cares about the community and being able to help others, this is very genuine as it comes from the top. They also participate and donate to help others less fortunate. This is an amazing company to work for. ”
“The emphasis on giving back to the community is what drew me to NuStar in the first place. There are several opportunities for many different causes at any given time. There is something for everyone!”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: San Antonio, Texas
Industry: Transportation
Worldwide employees: 1,684
Total Philanthropic Donations: $9,030,223
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
13. Cadence
Courtesy of Cadence
Employees say:
“Many of us like to volunteer for community services, and the company recently expanded the volunteer time-off program and corporate matching of donations.”
“Cadence’s desire to help the community and allow employees to take additional time off to support their local charities demonstrates the company’s desire to give back and allow for good work/life balance. ”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: San Jose, Calif.
Industry: Electronics
Worldwide employees: 7,126
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
14. VMware
Courtesy of VMware
Employees say:
“Aside from its ability to adapt and continually make industry changing contributions, this place is so philanthropic and conscious of society and the Earth. I have never felt so much inspiration to give back to my community or to adjust my lifestyle to be less of a strain on the Earth. And the best part is the company rewards you for doing so. I give this credit to our leader, Pat Gelsinger, who truly lives the values he speaks.”
“VMWare gives so much back to the community. I’ve been here 4 months and have already done Habitat for Humanity during work hours and at new hire training we did a charity event assisting the homeless in the Bay Area.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Palo Alto, Calif.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 21,098
Total Philanthropic Donations: $7,456,480
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
15. Patagonia
Courtesy of Patagonia
Employees say:
“Placing value on the environment and humanity above company profits—using the least harmful factories, using the least harmful methods to obtain raw materials for products, endorsing and supporting eco-friendly people & organizations, being a platform for positive social change through communications and rallying on the website and in interviews with the press, encouraging employees to enjoy time in nature and with each other during the workday, providing employees with opportunities to come together to work on community efforts as part of their workday, etc., etc.—carrying out all of these practices and ending up as an extremely successful company creates a very rare and positive example for the world, and it also creates a feeling of pride in me to be working for such a company.”
“Environmental activism in every store, opportunities to be involved with grassroots environmental groups. Great support in planning fun and creative events for the community.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Ventura, Calif.
Industry: Retail
Worldwide employees: 2,120
Total Philanthropic Donations: $10,900,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
16. Ultimate Software
Courtesy of Ultimate Software
Employees say:
“Ultimate also gives back to the community on a regular basis, and invites all employees to join, by giving us paid time off for community service outside our standard PTO. We also have various community service groups that are open to anyone in the company, for a variety of causes.”
“We do so many charity events, for example at a recent conference we raised money for a hospice care facility that cared for a former employee who recently passed and as a team building activity we all built 100 bikes for Kids in Distress.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Weston, Fla.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 3,792
Total Philanthropic Donations: $2,244,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
17. Genentech
Courtesy of Genentech
Employees say:
“Genentech Gives Back is not just a banner but a philosophy to take time to give back locally to our community. I really look forward to the time dedicated to give back to my community and know that this attitude prevails from coast to coast within our Genentech family.”
“I love how much Genentech cares about giving back to the community. This is one of the reasons why I am so proud to work here. I know that giving back to the community locally as well as globally is one of the values that Genentech keeps at heart.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: South San Francisco
Industry: Biotechnology & Pharmaceuticals
U.S. employees: 15,064
Offers PTO for Volunteering: No
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
18. Roche Diagnostics
Courtesy of Roche
Employees say:
“We are encouraged to attend events such as the Keep Indianapolis Beautiful event and the Roche Open (proceeds go to charity) even though they occur during working hours.”
“Roche continually looks for ways to enrich its employees’ lives and positively impact the community. Volunteer opportunities abound and Roche’s strategic giving is impressive. ”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Indianapolis, Ind.
Industry: Biotechnology & Pharmaceuticals
Worldwide employees: 94,000
Total Philanthropic Donations: $8,000,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
19. Texas Health Resources
Courtesy of Texas Health Resources
Employees say:
“One of the reasons Texas Health Resources is a great place to work is because our employees not only care for one another but they also care about the surrounding community. A unique example of this would be the THR Associates Campaign as well as the Employee Community Giving Campaign. Every year THR employees are given the opportunity to participate in the Associates Campaign; which helps fund select programs throughout the THR System. Additionally, employees can donate to local North Texas nonprofit organizations that share THR’s Mission, Vision, and Values during the Employee Community Giving Campaign. ”
“THR is a community focused organization, not just when it comes to healthcare, but about serving the community overall. We have FREE shred day and time off to volunteer with any organization we choose and I can’t say enough about that! ”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Arlington, Texas
Industry: Health Care
U.S. employees: 21,686
Total Philanthropic Donations: $871,602,176
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: No
20. Elevation Church
Courtesy of Elevation Church
Employees say:
“This organization encourages growth and community with staff gatherings and events to commemorate significant milestones in our church. I have never worked for an organization that cares so much about the wellbeing of their employees and their families like this organization does.”
“I love that what we do changes people’s lives and we keep that in front of ourselves constantly. We talk about stories of life change in department meetings, at all-staff meetings and we’re encouraged to share them with any volunteer teams we lead.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Matthews, N.C.
Worldwide employees: 5
Total Philanthropic Donations: $5,657,422
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: No
21. Kronos
Courtesy of Kronos Incorporated
Employees say:
“Kronos truly cares about giving back to the community. They often sponsor work days at local schools, encourage local volunteering and donate to charities.”
“Kronos invests in the community. I love it that the company sponsors it and makes it happen; the company isn’t just giving people a ‘volunteer day’ each year and leaving it to us to figure out how to spend that day.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Lowell, Mass.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 5,274
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
22. Stryker
Courtesy of Stryker
Employees say:
“Stryker is committed to the community and giving back to a number of organizations. It is great to see the highest level of management volunteering in the community, donating both time and money. I also think the work we do with Operation Smile is amazing and life changing for the patients as well as the volunteers.”
“We are encouraged to contribute to making healthcare better as well as making our community better and serving those around us, and we do it as teams and as individuals and certainly more than two days per year in the majority of peoples’ cases!”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Kalamazoo, Mich.
Industry: Manufacturing & Production
Worldwide employees: 28,933
Total Philanthropic Donations: $38,900,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
23. Veterans United Home Loans
Courtesy of Veteran United Home Loans
Employees say:
“The company gives constantly. Much of the focus is on the community and culture here. We have numerous fun events, groups, and opportunities to get involved on a personal level. I am in a Dad’s group and a Bible study every week. I ride with a group of about 100 folks in the MS150 in the fall. Pretty awesome stuff!”
“How we give back—we give back to the community through volunteer hours to large donations like no other company I have encountered. We also give back to our employees with an outstanding culture of recognition and fun. It truly is unique. ”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Columbia, Mo.
Industry: Financial Services & Insurance
U.S. employees: 2,419
Total Philanthropic Donations: $9,571,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: No
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
24. Workday
Courtesy of Workday
Employees say:
“Community involvement—there have been numerous times when out and about while wearing a Workday t-shirt that I have been approached about some of the volunteer work I or other workmates have been involved—just random people thanking us…makes you feel good and when they ask about what Workday does it surprises them that a tech company gives back so much ”
“Workday offers so many opportunities to volunteer and help the community. I’ve always wanted to do some of these things but always made an excuse. Workday gives you the avenue to do this and encourages it. Working here has made me a better person. ”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Pleasanton, Calif.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 7060
Total Philanthropic Donations: 3424426
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
25. American Transmission Company
Courtesy of ATC
Employees say:
“ATC supports the community. We are given 15 personal days which can be used for sick OR for volunteering! I’ve been here only 2 months and I’ve already participated in one day of volunteering with my team, and have been invited to participate in another. My manager discussed with me before I started that because my children’s school is a 503(c) organization, I can use that time to volunteer for their school. And as if that wasn’t good enough, you can roll those days over if you don’t use them.”
“I very much enjoy the volunteer activities that are encouraged. I feel great personally after volunteering. And I very much appreciate the shared experience it allows me to have with the people that I spend most of my time with 5+ days a week.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Waukesha, Wis.
Industry: Manufacturing & Production
U.S. employees: 659
Total Philanthropic Donations: $737,305
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
26. Voya Financial
Courtesy of Voya Financial
Employees say:
“There is a big emphasis on helping the community as well as our customers. There is month-long giving campaign each year to encourage employees to donate to charities, paid time off is given to participant in volunteer activities, and a big part of our annual review is based on how we have improved the lives of our customers.”
“The company culture is very community and volunteer oriented. The commitment from senior management to give back to all the communities we do business in is truly amazing and gives employees a great deal of pride.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: New York City
Industry: Financial Services & Insurance
Worldwide employees: 6,601
Total Philanthropic Donations: $6,680,430
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
27. Crowe Horwath
Courtesy of Crowe Horwath
Employees say:
“Crowe management and employees genuinely care about one another, and this caring internal community transcends into a caring spirit for the external community. Crowe is very involved in community financial and volunteer support—possibly one of the greatest contributors to various organizations in the area!”
“I think the atmosphere of giving back to the community sets this company apart. The company goes to great lengths to make sure that each employee has the opportunity to serve their community in any way they can.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Chicago
Industry: Professional Services
U.S. employees: 3,600
Total Philanthropic Donations: $1,650,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
28. West Monroe Partners
Courtesy of West Monroe Partners
Employees say:
“The Fischer Fellowship sponsors employees for 6 weeks to 6 months to volunteer for meaningful global causes. This program supports a handful of candidates annually, and is a concrete example of West Monroe’s commitment to the people at our firm and the global community we are part of.”
“West Monroe Partners provides ample opportunities to give back to the community while rewarding those who do to gain additional PTO. This motivates the employees to be part of the community but in a meaningful way.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Chicago
Industry: Professional Services
Worldwide employees: 850
Total Philanthropic Donations: $750,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
29. Adobe Systems
Courtesy of Adobe
Employees say:
“There are almost weekly listings of ways that we can, and are encouraged, to contribute back to the community. Ranging from charitable donations to volunteer work to even organizing events of our own. I know that other companies also do this, but I have not seen it so openly on display with regular reminders not only on our intranet but also in the elevators and in weekly company emails. I feel that there is a very sincere fostering of giving back to the community.”
“They have always given back to the communities where we operate. They match employee donations up to $10,000 a year. When really bad things happen in the world, they sometimes will match employee donations 2-1. Hard to beat that.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: San Jose, Calif.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 17,373
Total Philanthropic Donations: $37,867,480
Offers PTO for Volunteering: No
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
30. Old Navy
Courtesy of Old Navy
Employees say:
“What makes Gap Inc. a great place to work is the emphasis it puts on community. The company strives to give to the community not just financially but also from a hands on approach. There is constantly a community volunteer or outreach program going on. If you volunteer on your own outside of work, the company will match your hours and give a donation to your non-profit for the time you volunteer, which is AMAZING!”
“The amount of community service and volunteering that we do as a brand is amazing. From a store level upward the differences we make in our communities is absolutely amazing, and something I am extremely proud of. ”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: San Francisco
Industry: Retail
Worldwide employees: 57,115
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
31. Baird
Courtesy of Baird
Employees say:
“Baird not only encourages us to have a positive impact on the community they help facilitate. The provide time to volunteer in the community. They also provide financial resources, through the charitable giving matching program. This is important to me because we a successful company and we should be giving back in as many ways as possible. Through their commitment to community, Baird provides opportunities to every employee no matter what your role may be in the company.”
“I love the fact that we have Baird Cares Days and can use them to volunteer in the community. We also have a full week dedicated to giving back to the community. I am also very happy that we have matching contributions for our charitable gifts.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Milwaukee, Wis.
Industry: Financial Services & Insurance
Worldwide employees: 3,338
Total Philanthropic Donations: $4,332,147
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
32. American Express
Courtesy of American Express
Employees say:
“American Express makes a great effort to have employees feel connect to each other and to the community. We do office wide events such as family movie night as well as volunteer activities as a team/department at least once a quarter. This helps us stay a tight knit group who has more in common that just a job.”
“I really appreciate the Serve2gether program. I’ve been active in my community and I’ve applied for a grant ($500) from AXP for the last few years for Keep Taylor Beautiful. $500 is a lot of money for a small non-profit that uses 100% volunteer labor!”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: New York City
Industry: Financial Services & Insurance
Worldwide employees: 54,879
Total Philanthropic Donations: $36,000,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
33. Cornerstone OnDemand
Courtesy of Cornerstone OnDemand
Employees say:
“Its dedication to maintaining a strong culture is key for the organization. Even as it grows, things change, but the culture seems to remain the same, which is great! The Foundation is also something that really sticks out about the organization. How we assist others in need like disasteready.org, etc. Just recently our company matched all funds that we, as employees, contributed towards the Hurricane Disasters in Houston, etc. Really cool how we interact with the non-profit community!”
“Cornerstone consistently encourages employees to get involved in the community. I was able to participate in SPARK, a mentorship program that pairs us with students in under-served communities to educate them on the benefits staying in school.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Santa Monica, Calif.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 1,952
Total Philanthropic Donations: $150,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
34. Clif Bar & Company
Courtesy of Clif Bar & Company
Employees say:
“ Having a company that not only has values, but leverages them, celebrates them and keeps them alive in the organization is great. Clif Bar goes one step (or ten steps) further with the Aspirations. They give life to everything we do and serve as a barometer for the success and decision criteria for everything we undertake as a company. Using the aspirations has led us to not only expand our business but to also work to the greater good even without a direct gain for the company; only because it is the right thing to do for the world. For example fighting for the rights of farmers in our supply chain. It could end up costing us more, but it’s the right thing to do for those farmers and humanity as a whole. Never before have I seen a company operate with such a higher purpose.”
“There are many opportunities to get involved with things I care about. Community service projects are hosted frequently. I can also donate bars or money (matched up to $2K) to an organization of my choice. I love this! ”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Emeryville, Calif.
Industry: Manufacturing & Production
Worldwide employees: 1,111
Total Philanthropic Donations: $8,916,263
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
35. SAP America
Courtesy of SAP
Employees say:
“SAP does great things for the community and really puts an emphasis on giving back. We have lots of service opportunities internally that make us feel like we are making a difference in the world, not just within our company.”
“The company also encourages employees in supporting non-work activities. These are typically charitable or community improvement events. These make the employees feel connected to the community, supportive and proud of SAP in its participation.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Newtown Square, Pa.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 84,962
Total Philanthropic Donations: $4,350,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
36. Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
Courtesy of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
Employees say:
“As an organization, I truly believe that Children’s is mission-driven in all that we do. While I am non-clinical, I am reminded everyday of the important work that we do here. When children have nowhere else to turn, we are their advocates. When families experience the worst-case scenario, we support them. Our nurses, physicians, volunteers, and other staff all care deeply about the children we care for. It is not uncommon for our staff to volunteer their free time at the hospital, because they want to do more for our patients. Children’s may not be perfect, but it is an absolutely incredible organization that is dedicated to making children’s lives better. I am proud to work for Children’s—too many times to count, I’ve been stopped while wearing Children’s-branded clothing, always someone expressing admiration and gratitude for the work we do.”
“Children’s is filled with caregivers and volunteers whose efforts provide an overwhelmingly positive atmosphere for patients and parents in their times of greatest weakness. The difference we make in people’s lives is visible on their faces.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Atlanta
Industry: Health Care
U.S. employees: 9,090
Total Philanthropic Donations: $205,500,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: No
37. Capital One Financial
Courtesy of Capital One Financial
Employees say:
“The opportunity to give back to the community in volunteerism is encouraged, even during working hours. There are always several opportunities available, for varying different skill levels, including on-site opportunities. Recently I was able to sign up to assist in the build of the various components needed to construct wheel chair ramps, and I was able to do it onsite, and then go back to my desk & continue my regularly scheduled work. Where else are you able to do that?”
“I’m excited about the community efforts Capital One has in the community. I love seeing the company I work for take an interest in my city by investing resources in supporting local interests, like recycling and composting through local farms.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: McLean, Va.
Industry: Financial Services & Insurance
Worldwide employees: 47,148
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
38. PricewaterhouseCoopers
Courtesy of PwC
Employees say:
“PwC cares. They care for us, the team members, as well as the community at large. It feels good to see the way our leadership responds to all of the issues of the nation. This goes for our local leadership also. I look forward to coming to work each morning, so something must be going well.”
“PwC is a great place to work because it is a company that invests in you and the community and gives you a lot of diverse opportunities to learn and grow as a professional while making a difference in solving problems.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: New York City
Industry: Professional Services
Worldwide employees: 223,000
Total Philanthropic Donations: $98,296,033
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
39. Synchrony Financial
Anthony Collins Photography
Employees say:
“Synchrony cares about the community and its employees. The company strives to promote others by encouragement and training. I know this from my own personal experience. I started in Customer Service and when the opportunity presented itself to move to Fraud, my manager worked with me to ensure I would be ready to grow. When I was selected for the position, I began to volunteer more and become more active with the community.”
“We have lot of volunteering activities, which gives us an opportunity to make a difference in the lives of many underprivileged children. I feel this unique trait makes this a great place to work.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Stamford, Conn.
Industry: Financial Services & Insurance
U.S. employees: 9,488
Total Philanthropic Donations: $5,190,175
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
40. Novo Nordisk
Courtesy of Novo Nordisk
Employees say:
“The Novo Nordisk Triple Bottom Line is not something management just talks about—everyone is aware of it and is encouraged to do everything to make it happen. Most department meetings involve an activity to give back to the community. There are many opportunities to be involved in giving back.”
“I’ve never worked for a company that cared so much about giving back to the community and giving employees time off from work to do that. I’ve participated in more social giving program in the last two years here, than my 20 year career.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Plainsboro, N.J.
Industry: Biotechnology & Pharmaceuticals
Worldwide employees: 40,522
Total Philanthropic Donations: $9,000,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
41. Cooley
Courtesy of Cooley
Employees say:
“Cooley is special because they truly care about giving back to the community. The Boston office raised $33,718 for the Greater Boston Food Bank as part pf the Legal Food Frenzy competition. With the money Cooley raised, it was enough food to provide approximately 101,154 meals to people in need throughout Massachusetts. Cooley won the ‘Most Raised Overall by a Law Firm’ for a record setting third year in a row.”
“There are many opportunities to give back to the community, whether by working with Rebuilding Together, encouraging pro bono work, fundraising for families during Christmas, among many other things!”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Palo Alto, Calif.
Industry: Professional Services
Worldwide employees: 2,055
Total Philanthropic Donations: $37,420,973
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: No
42. Edward Jones
Courtesy of Edward Jones
Employees say:
“The company also focuses on giving back to the community, we have two major campaigns for United Way and Arts and Education but help many other organizations throughout St. Louis throughout the year. Edward Jones provides several volunteer projects that associates can help out with during the year and provides one day a year we can volunteer with any organization we want.”
“The firm has a HUGE heart and gives back to the community in so many ways: United Way, Junior Achievement, Race for the Cure, LGBT walk, AHA, St Louis Arts, etc. There are many opportunities to get engaged and you are given the time to get involved.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: St. Louis
Industry: Financial Services & Insurance
Worldwide employees: 44,039
Total Philanthropic Donations: $11,200,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: No
43. World Wide Technology
Courtesy of WWT
Employees say:
“Every employee is offered and encouraged to take an extra day of paid time off, called a ‘Day of Caring’ to give back to the community in whatever your service passion might be. It is encouraged to take this day with your team to make a stronger impact in the community. This is in addition to the matching charitable contributions from the company.”
“One of the big reasons I came to WWT was because of their commitment to community and giving back. This is something I am committed to personally and I enjoy working for a company who shares the same values.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: St. Louis
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 4,200
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
44. Ernst & Young
Courtesy of EY
Employees say:
“EY also cares about our Community and gives back. Once a month we have a denim day. We donate $5 to a Non-profit organization (different every month) and get to wear jeans to work that day to represent the organization we donated to. We also have Connect Day every year where EY employees volunteer their time for the day and give back to the community. EY also participates in 5k run/walks and we run the absolute best Take Our Daughters and Sons to Work Day Event every year in April.”
“It’s a broader purpose of using what we do as an organization to make the world overall a better place. I believe this purpose unites our people. One specific example is EY Connect Day when everyone spends a day volunteering as a group.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: New York City
Industry: Professional Services
Worldwide employees: 228,041
Total Philanthropic Donations: $55,598,683
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
45. SAS Institute
Courtesy of Steve Muir
Employees say:
“SAS provides us many opportunities to volunteer within the community. I was able to help with meal kits for seniors through the foodbankcenc. I really enjoyed it and can’t wait to help again! We also collect several donations throughout the year for various charities. It feels great to help our community out!”
“Our company demonstrates caring for our earth and community. I feel a sense of pride when I see my company name on exhibits at the state art and science museums. I think the education department contributes strongly toward public school curriculums.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Cary, N.C.
Industry: Information Technology
Worldwide employees: 14,136
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
46. Baptist Health South Florida
Courtesy of Baptist Health South Florida
Employees say:
“To build a cancer program, the hospital created a brand new center and moved physicians, staff, technology, and infrastructure into a place to deliver high quality care. To ensure that care was provided to all members of the community, the hospital partnered with its neighboring children’s hospitals in the community to guarantee that all children who needed treatment at our facility with proton therapy could receive it (without regard for insurance coverage and ability to pay). The hospital provided everything needed to provide multidisciplinary care (pediatric anesthesia, pediatric nurses, pediatric social worker, child life specialist) and whatever it could not provide, it worked with its partners to provide. There is no health care institution who has done so much for our most important patients, our children. This is a truly outstanding place to work.”
“There is a great focus on creating an workforce that is engaged and is able to contribute to its community. At the end of the day, our leaders care that we are able to do a good job and provide great care to our patients.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Coral Gables, Fla.
Industry: Health Care
U.S. employees: 16,210
Total Philanthropic Donations: $301,000,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: No
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
47. Prometheus Real Estate Group
Courtesy of Prometheus Real Estate
Employees say:
“We have amazing benefits, and most of the company leadership is exceptional. We truly care about our local communities and give back, and try to do things differently from the industry.”
“There is a great focus on creating an workforce that is engaged and is able to contribute to its community. At the end of the day, our leaders care that we are able to do a good job and provide great care to our patients.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Coral Gables, Fla.
Industry: Health Care
U.S. employees: 16,210
Total Philanthropic Donations: $301,000,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: No
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
47. Prometheus Real Estate Group
Courtesy of Prometheus Real Estate
Employees say:
“We have amazing benefits, and most of the company leadership is exceptional. We truly care about our local communities and give back, and try to do things differently from the industry.”
“I really enjoy working with my fellow Prometheans and enjoy what I do. With the volunteer programs such as Porch and other events, I feel a sense of satisfaction helping those in need.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: San Mateo, Calif.
Industry: Construction & Real Estate
U.S. employees: 504
Total Philanthropic Donations: $128,625
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: No
48. Principal
Courtesy of Principal
Employees say:
“I think Principal has an extremely inclusive environment. We have employee resource groups who are always open to new members and want more people to get involved. Principal finds a way to make an imprint in the community with United Way and the Principal Charity Classic, and many other diverse sponsored events (to mention a few).”
“Principal will give their employees Paid Time Off to volunteer with their favorite organizations throughout the year. To me, it doesn’t get much better than a company that opts to help you grow as an individual, as a family, and as a community.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Des Moines, Iowa
Industry: Financial Services & Insurance
Worldwide employees: 14,690
Total Philanthropic Donations: $13,200,000
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
49. American Fidelity Assurance Company
Courtesy of American Fidelity Assurance
Employees say:
“The Oklahoma Blood Institute brings their staff to our office, five times each year, and American Fidelity allows our Colleagues paid time off to donate blood, at work. American Fidelity was recognized this year for our 100th blood drive with OBI. We have five donors who have been donating blood at American Fidelity since 1984. American Fidelity has the longest tenure of blood drives with the Oklahoma Blood Institute within our city. Five donors have donated over 100 times.”
“T-shirt days are always popular and our company incorporated a charitable donation with the activity, allowing colleagues to nominate the charities. Blood drives, food drives, and school supply drives are other great ways we help our neighbors.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Oklahoma City, Okla.
Industry: Financial Services & Insurance
U.S. employees: 1,826
Total Philanthropic Donations: $1,620,643
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: Yes
50. Hunton & Williams
Courtesy of Hunton & Williams
Employees say:
“I have only been working here for 8 months now but I think the dedication to client service and community service and the positive attitudes of everyone here makes this a fantastic place to work . It is a fun environment and people are friendly and approachable and good hearted to the core.”
“Hunton is always willing to support employees who want to invest in the community. I felt strongly about supporting the charitable work of a non-profit, and not only did the firm match my contributions, but individual partners gave as well.”
Read Great Place to Work review here.
U.S. headquarters: Washington, D.C.
Industry: Professional Services
Worldwide employees: 1,432
Total Philanthropic Donations: $25,988,740
Offers PTO for Volunteering: Yes
Offers Employee Matching Funds: No
Methodology
Fortune‘s research partner, Great Place to Work, selects the Best Workplaces for Giving Back rankings based on feedback from 386,278 employees at Great Place to Work–Certified organizations. Employees completed Great Place to Work’s anonymous Trust Index survey, answering a detailed questionnaire that includes questions about how proud they are of their impact on the community, the difference they feel they make, and whether their work has special meaning. Results from the survey are highly reliable, having a 95% confidence level and a margin of error of 5% or less.
To select the list, Great Place to Work considers organizations’ policies regarding paid time off for volunteering and the extent to which they contribute generously to community and charitable causes through corporate donations and employee fund-matching programs. Final rankings are primarily based on employees’ own feedback on over 50 survey questions, with special emphasis on their connection to the organization’s community impact. Rankings reward organizations where not only the majority of their employees are proud of their community involvement, but these experiences are widely shared within the organization, regardless of who they are or what they do in the organization. Results take into account the complexity of the employee population and performance relative to peers.
To learn more about Great Place to Work Certification and be considered for Best Workplaces lists published by Fortune, visit greatplacetowork.com.
Future of Work
2018年02月10日
Future of Work
数字助理已经来临，未来已来！乔治亚理工学院的计算机教授助理居然是一个机器人作者： 本·惠特福德 ben whitford
乔治亚理工学院2016年计算机科学课程的学生在学期结束时得到了一个惊喜：据透露，他们的助教之一，一个友善但心胸狭隘的年轻女性Jill Watson，是一个机器人。
学生们从来没有见过沃森，但觉得他们认识她。在这个学期里，她发了数百个询问，发布到班级的数字公告板上，提供作业提示，领导在线讨论，赢得了她快速，有益的回应。但与其他助教不同，沃森实际上是一个“聊天机器人” - 由Ashok Goel教授创建的虚拟助手，以减轻他的助手的压力。
一位学生在大曝光后说：“我惊呆了。“就在我想提名吉尔·沃森为杰出的助教，”另一个声明。
Goel的老师 - 机器人提供了世界工作场所可能的未来的一瞥。比利·梅塞尔（Bill Meisel）说，戈尔曾经帮助学生和同事们很容易地适应人力资源部门的需求，为员工提供不折不扣的，定制化的，实际上即时的支持。工作场所。
“移动设备或网站上的员工可以使用自然语言聊天机器人，这可以自动解决员工问题，而不会迫使员工通过材料来查找答案或需要专业人员的时间。”他说。
迈塞尔不只是理论。由于苹果，亚马逊，微软等科技巨头以及众多小公司的努力，机器人在工作场所的殖民化进展顺利。Forrester 在2017年报告说，有41％的企业已经在使用或开发AI工具; 预计三年后，至少有8.43亿企业用户在工作场所使用数字助理。
许多数字助理专注于消费者，有些比游戏改变者更具噱头 - 例如，Taco Bell的“Tacobot”让Slack用户通过聊天机器人订购午餐，但仍然需要人来接订单。不过，对于面向销售和服务的机器人来说，未来是光明的：到Gartner报告预测，到2020年，客户将处理85％的业务交易，而不会与人进行交互。
“数据民主”
随着技术的发展，机器人有望成为企业围绕人力资源乃至管理职能进行战略规划的一部分。ADP创新实验室高级副总裁罗伯托·马西罗（Roberto Masiero）说，这有可能成为一种民主化的力量，让员工可以无障碍地获取信息，帮助他们更聪明地工作，充分利用机会。
ADP自己的聊天机器人，它在内部使用，并且正在与合作伙伴机构的约2000名员工进行测试，可以发出提醒，提供职业提示，并为员工提供24/7全天候的人力资源信息。Masiero说：“它成为一个推动者。“它创造了以前不存在的数据民主。”
而且，ADP不仅看到了以企业为中心的数字助理的巨大潜力。微软和亚马逊都在努力将语音助手带到工作场所，希望工作人员有一天会使用Cortana或Alexa来管理他们的日历，处理待办事项列表并执行一些工作职能。
其他公司正在开发更专业的工具。Voicera最近推出了一个名叫Eva的语音操作数字助手，可以在会议中记录笔记，并根据所听到的讨论发送提醒。IBM正在利用人工智能来提高人才管理水平，并表示“未来每个员工都有自己的导师”。
机器人还可以在上手和训练中扮演重要角色。一个海军项目发现，接受数字辅导人员接受信息技术培训的新兵后来比刚接受培训的新兵有更好的表现，经过七周的培训后，他们的表现可以达到与具有三年在职经验的专家相匹敌的水平。
要对AI可能带来的失望做好准备
不过，并不是每个人都对AI技术的乌托邦的承诺感到兴奋。一个HR.com调查发现，人力资源专业人士无论是“深恶痛绝”，“不喜欢”或“89％的有关于AI通过在工作场所有所保留”。
即使前人关注人工智能潜力的前GOOGLE人力资源总监拉兹洛·博克（Laszlo Bock）也表示，由于商界人士对技术的迅速接受，他有点害怕。他说：“这是你第一次站在高位跳水的感觉：你知道你可能不会堕落，但你也有点害怕。
博克说，人工智能有很多方式可以使工作场所变得更好，并使员工“更快乐，更有效率”，现在正在领导一家名叫胡姆的创业公司，以改善工作为目标，“通过科学，机器学习和一点点爱“。但也有很多情况下，人工智能可以疏远工人，加强现有的机构偏见或妨碍人的互动，使良好的领导成为可能。
博克说：“通过让人类与人交谈，你能够深入了解你的组织。“在大多数聊天机器人中，你失去了这种洞察力和知识。”
问题的一部分是，“人工智能”这个词有些用词不当 - 即使是最复杂的数字助理，也没有什么是真正聪明的，也没有什么是自我意识的。这意味着一个机器人所表现出来的任何人类或移情终究都是空洞的。
这不一定总是一件坏事，因为从工作场所交互中去除人为因素可能会使员工更容易谈论敏感问题。例如，DARPA的计算机科学家发现，当人们认为他们正在与一个没有灵魂的聊天机器人而不是一个人工监控的系统交谈时，人们更可能向一个人工智能治疗师开放。
这导致心理学家发展Woebot，一个数字助理，检查精神健康患者的福利，并获得比人类倾向于接受的弗兰克反应。其他数字助理专门讨论报废问题，给终端病人一个安全的空间来找出他们的选择。“当人们进行这种谈话的时候，很难做出不公正的判断。所以，有些人可能会发现，聊聊这些关于他们想法的聊天机会会更容易一些，“来自”对话项目“的罗斯玛丽·劳埃德牧师，一个报废的慈善机构，告诉”新科学家“。
寻找减轻风险的方法
博克说，更大的担忧是人工智能系统容易扩大设计者和用户的有意识或无意识的偏见。Bock指出，微软在2016年推出了一个Twitter聊天机器人，它利用机器学习磨练了基于与真人相互作用的会话技巧 - 在24小时之内，Twitter用户已经训练了机器人鹦鹉种族主义的可怕看法，迫使微软取消这个插件。
这是一个极端的例子，但是所有的AI系统都依靠现实世界的数据进行训练，所以从本质上来说，这往往会加强现状。加入基于用户反馈的微调算法的特性，认知技术也容易加强机构偏见，即使它们提供了一个客观性的单调。
Bock警告说：“如果你现在所做的只是对现有数据进行培训，那么你将会建立复制已经存在的偏差的系统，并将其扩展到新的领域。“大多数组织正在采用机器学习的方法，将使问题变得更糟，而不是更好。”
IBM的高管咨询合作伙伴Dave Millner说，这样的问题可以计划和避免，但是只有管理者知道他们在做什么。不幸的是，人工智能系统的潜力与管理者对技术的理解之间存在着令人不安的差距。
HR.com的调查发现，大多数人力资源专业人士认为人工智能将在未来五年被广泛应用于其组织中，70％的受访者表示聊天机器人将成为员工获取人力资源信息的重要途径，一半以上的人表示，直接从电脑，没有人力老板的参与。
但是，只有8％的人力资源专业人员相信他们理解AI技术。Millner说，这种野心和无知的结合是危险的，因为它可以防止管理者以清醒的眼光看待AI。“有早期的采用者，这很好，”Millner说。“但是仍然有很多的无知，缺乏对它能做什么的知识和理解，更重要的是它不能做到。”
Millner说，需要的是一个更为深思熟虑的方法，从教育开始，最终实施被充分理解的系统，以避免偏见和其他潜在的隐患。“当然，这是一个风险，”他说。“但是，如果以适当的方式引入测试和试点，并不断学习，那么就可以减轻这些风险。”
长期观点：“积极正面”
博克还说，工作场所人工智能可以是一个福音，如果它负责任地处理。博克说：“从长远来看，这将是一个净利好。“但在短期/中期，这一切都取决于建立这些系统的人的价值观和观点。”
Bock说，对于决策者来说，并不是说AI最好避免。关键是要认识到潜在的奖励风险和意识。他说：“这是一个巨大的机会。“接下来的三到五年里，有一个关于如何善用这项技术的公司将会粉碎它，而且绝对会赢。有很大的好处。“
博克说，与其将工作场所的数字助理视为节省资金的技术，而不能将人力交互的需求自动化，公司应该将其视为增强人类决策的手段，并让管理人员有更多时间完成困难但重要的任务建立关系和培养员工。
他说：“基本上我是一个乐观主义者。“一点点机器学习可以帮助我们成为更好的领导者。”
本文由AI自动翻译，仅供参考。下列为英文版本。
Students in a 2016 computer science course at Georgia Tech got a surprise as the semester was wrapping up: It was revealed that one of their teaching assistants, a friendly but serious-minded young woman named Jill Watson, was a robot.
The students had never met Watson, but felt they knew her. Over the course of the semester she had fielded hundreds of inquiries posted to the class’ digital bulletin board, offering homework tips, leading online discussions and winning praise for her quick, helpful responses. But unlike the other teaching assistants, Watson was actually a “chatbot” — a virtual assistant created by Professior Ashok Goel to reduce the strain on his human helpers.
“I was flabbergasted,” one student said after the big reveal. “Just when I wanted to nominate Jill Watson as an outstanding TA,” another declared.
Goel’s teacher-bot offers a glimpse of a possible future for the world’s workplaces. The same techniques Goel used to help students and colleagues could easily be adapted to the needs of a human resources division, offering unflagging, customized and virtually instant support to employees, says Bill Meisel, a consultant who has researched the rise of digital assistants in the workplace.
“A natural-language chatbot, available to employees on mobile devices or a website, could automate much of the burden of answering employee questions without forcing the employee to wade through material to find the answers or require the time of an HR professional,” he says.
Meisel isn’t just theorizing. Thanks to the efforts of tech giants like Apple, Amazon and Microsoft, along with a host of smaller companies, the robotic colonization of the workplace is well underway. Forrester reported in 2017 that 41 percent of businesses were already using or developing AI tools; three years from now at least 843 million enterprise users are expected to be using digital assistants in the workplace.
Many digital assistants focus on the consumer, and some are more gimmick than game-changer — Taco Bell’s “Tacobot,” for instance, lets Slack users order lunch via a chatbot, but still requires a human to pick up the order. Still, the future is bright for sales- and service-oriented bots: By 2020, a Gartner report predicts, customers will handle 85 percent of their dealings with businesses without interacting with a human.
‘A Democracy of Data’
As technologies evolve, bots are expected to become a bigger part of companies’ strategic planning around HR and even management functions. That has the potential to be a democratizing force by giving employees frictionless access to information and helping them to work smarter and make the most of opportunities, says Roberto Masiero, senior vice president of ADP Innovation Labs.
ADP’s own chatbots, which it uses internally and is testing with around 2,000 employees at partner organizations, can issue reminders, offer career tips and provide workers with access to HR information on a 24/7 basis. “It becomes an enabler,” Masiero says. “It creates a democracy of data that didn’t exist before.”
And it’s not just ADP that sees enormous potential for enterprise-focused digital assistants. Microsoft and Amazon are both fighting to bring voice-operated assistants into the workplace, in the hope that workers will one day use Cortana or Alexa to manage their calendars, handle to-do lists and carry out some job functions.
Other companies are developing more specialized tools. Voicera recently launched a voice-operated digital assistant called Eva that can take notes during meetings and send reminders based on the discussions it overhears. And IBM is using AI to improve talent management, saying it envisions a future in which “every employee has a personal mentor.”
Bots could also have a big role to play in onboarding and training. A Navy project found that recruits who received IT training from a digital tutor subsequently outperformed human-trained recruits, and after seven weeks of training could perform at a level that matched that of an specialist with three years of on-the-job experience.
Bracing for a Potential Belly-Flop
Still, not everyone’s excited about the promised AI-powered techno-utopia. An HR.com survey found that 89 percent of HR professionals either “detest,” “dislike” or “have some reservations” about AI adoption in the workplace.
Even former Google HR chief Laszlo Bock, who is upbeat overall about AI’s potential, says he’s a little freaked out by the business community’s rapid embrace of the technology. “It’s the feeling when you stand on top of a high dive for the first time: You know you probably won’t belly-flop, but you’re also a little terrified,” he says.
There are many ways in which AI could make the workplace better and make employees “happier and more productive,” says Bock, who is now leading a startup called Humu with a goal of improving work “through science, machine learning, and a little bit of love.” But there are also plenty of scenarios in which artificial intelligence could alienate workers, reinforce existing institutional biases or impede the human interactions that make good leadership possible.
“You gain a lot of insight into your organization by having human beings talk to people,” Bock says. “In most chatbots, you lose that insight and knowledge.”
Part of the problem is that the term “artificial intelligence” is something of a misnomer — there’s nothing truly intelligent, and certainly nothing self-aware, about even the most sophisticated digital assistants. That means any humanity or empathy manifested by a bot ultimately rings hollow.
That’s not necessarily always a bad thing, because removing the human element from workplace interactions might make it easier for employees to talk about sensitive issues. Computer scientists at DARPA, for instance, found people were more likely to open up to an AI-powered therapist when they believed they were talking to a soulless chatbot rather than to a human-supervised system.
That led psychologists to develop Woebot, a digital assistant that checks in on mental health patients’ wellbeing and that gets franker responses than humans tend to receive. Other digital assistants specialize in discussing end-of-life issues, giving terminal patients a safe space to figure out their options. “It’s hard for humans to be nonjudgmental when they’re having these kinds of conversations. So some people might find it easier to talk to a chatbot about their thoughts,” the Rev. Rosemary Lloyd from The Conversation Project, an end-of-life charity, told New Scientist.
Finding Ways to Mitigate Risks
A bigger concern, Bock says, is that AI systems are prone to amplifying the conscious or unconscious biases of their designers and users. Bock notes that Microsoft launched a Twitter chatbot in 2016 that used machine learning to hone its conversational skills based on interactions with real people — and within 24 hours Twitter users had trained the bot to parrot horrendously racist views, forcing Microsoft to pull the plug.
That’s an extreme example, but all AI systems rely on real-world data for their training and so by their nature tend to reinforce the status quo. Add in features that fine-tune algorithms based on user feedback and it’s all too easy for cognitive technologies to reinforce institutional biases, even as they offer a veneer of objectivity.
“If all you’re doing is training on existing data, you’ll build systems that replicate the bias that already exists, and expand it into new arenas,” Bock warns. “The approach most organizations are taking to applying machine learning today will make problems of bias worse, not better.”
Such problems can be planned for and avoided, but only if managers know what they’re doing, says Dave Millner, an executive consulting partner with IBM. Unfortunately, there’s a troubling gap between the perceived potential of AI systems and managers’ understanding of the technology.
The HR.com survey found that most HR professionals believe AI will be widely used in their organizations over the next five years, with 70 percent saying chatbots will become an important way for employees to access HR information and more than half saying workers will take orders directly from computers, without the involvement of human bosses.
However, just 8 percent of HR professionals are confident that they understand AI technologies. That combination of ambition and ignorance is dangerous, Millner says, because it can prevent managers from engaging with AI in a clear-eyed way. “There are early adopters, and that’s great,” Millner says. “But there’s still a lot of ignorance, a lack of knowledge and understanding about what it can do and, more importantly, what it can’t do.”
Millner says what is needed is a more considered approach that begins with education and culminates in the implementation of well-understood systems that are designed to avoid bias and other potential pitfalls. “It’s a risk, of course,” he says. “But if it’s introduced in an appropriate way, with testing and piloting and continual learning, then you can mitigate those risks.”
The Long-Term View: ‘A Net Positive’
Bock also says workplace AI can be a boon if it’s handled responsibly. “In the long term it’s going to be a net positive,” Bock says. “But in the short/medium term it all depends on the values and perspectives of the people building these systems.”
The takeaway for decision-makers isn’t that AI is best avoided, Bock says. The key is to be cognizant of the risks and mindful in reaching for the potential rewards. “It’s a huge opportunity,” he says. “There’s a window in the next three to five years where the companies that are thoughtful about using this technology well are going to crush it, and absolutely win. There’s a huge amount of upside.”
Rather than viewing digital assistants in the workplace as money-saving technologies that can automate away the need for human interaction, Bock says, companies should see them as a means to augment human decision making and to give managers more time for the difficult but important tasks of building relationships and nurturing their employees.
“Fundamentally I’m an optimist,” he says. “A little machine learning can go a long way toward helping us be better leaders.”
研究表明：候选人体验最好的办法是多沟通！（ Communicate More!）Written by Lori
对2017候选人体验研究，分析了来自北美200家公司的18万名候选人的数据。经过7年的候选人体验奖（CandE），获奖候选人体验的答案是明确的：沟通更多！
我怀疑答案是一个惊喜。候选人对招聘多年的“黑洞”感到沮丧和愤世嫉俗。然而，2017年人才委员会的研究却显示出候选人是如何满足人类基本需求的：获得倾听的机会和获得回应的满意度。
双向交流是不同的
当人才委员会看到2017年CandE获奖者与所有其他参与公司之间的差异时，他们发现了4个关键差异。
CandE获奖者：
多听，经常沟通
与候选人有关招聘过程从预申请到入职的更好的期望
让自己更加负责候选人的体验和人才获得的表现，同时定期和一致地衡量
被候选人认为具有“更公平”的过程 - 候选人认为他们能够分享为什么他们的知识，技能和体验值得考虑他们所申请的工作。
2017年CandE获奖者中有三分之一的因素是一致的，主题是沟通。
当求职者在候选人的旅程的各个阶段之间进行公开，透明和双向沟通（包括反馈）时，求职者对公司的候选人体验进行评估。
CandE获奖者使用通讯工具
虽然2017年的CandE结果显示候选人的体验总体上正在改善，但实际情况是，求职者的进步速度不够快，特别是在申请阶段关闭沟通“黑洞”的时候。
人才委员会发现，52％的候选人在申请工作2-3个月后仍在等待回应，比上一年上涨了10％。当我们知道缺乏沟通比没有找到工作更令人沮丧，并且越来越多的招聘工具可以帮助我们更好地沟通时，这怎么可能呢？（这个是美国的情况，中国的可等不了这么久。。。别说2-3个月了，2-3周还差不多，对于职位越高时间可以越久）
使用沟通工具是让CandE获胜者脱颖而出的原因之一。
新报告显示，74％的CandE获奖者使用候选人关系管理（CRM）系统，其余的26％计划在2018年实施CRM。
除了CRM之外，还有越来越多的通信工具需要考虑，比如发短信，为您的职业网站提供聊天机器人，电子邮件自动化，社交放大，计划助手，数字访谈，反馈调查等等。不过，您可以做的最基本的事情之一就是打开ATS或招聘营销平台的自动回复功能，并简单地承认候选人加入您的人才网络/人才社区或申请工作。（我们如何让供应商使自动回复功能在默认情况下处于“开启”状态？）
招聘营销人员的行动项目：
仔细检查您的自动应答器是否打开，花5分钟时间来个性化电子邮件，以显示您的雇主品牌是人。
业务影响也很明显
在社交媒体上散布负面的口碑，以及与候选人的人脉关系可能会损害您的雇主品牌，并使贵公司的顶尖人才离开公司。但这不是唯一的业务影响。
2017年的CandE结果显示，有46％的求职者具有负面的候选人体验，他们将在其他地方开展业务，而65％的求职者将增加与公司的业务关系。
这应该引起你的高级管理人员的注意，并帮助人力资源和人才招聘领导者获得更多的资源，继续提高候选人的体验。但是它也会让你置身于显微镜之下，要求你测量和报告改进的影响，并将结果与同行进行比较。
Written by Lori
以上由AI自动翻译
Future of Work
2018年02月05日
Future of Work
深度文章:工作的未来-未来已至，却没有想象中那么吓人编者注：本文作者是Josh Bersin 是Bersin公司的创始人，对美国乃至全球的人力资源数字化，科技化有着极其深入的研究和了解。他近年来重点关注了工作的未来，这篇是他关于工作的未来的思考。推荐给大家。
工作的未来：为什么现在提出？
“工作的未来”这个词已经成为一个流行词。我在谷歌中搜索该短语发现竟然有四千八百万点击量！突然有数百个关于这个话题的会议，书籍和文章，涵盖了从人工智能到机器人到收入不平等和临时工等方面。人们感兴趣的原因很简单：我们正处在一个行业快速变革的经济周期中。事实上，我敢断言，未来抵达某一个阶段时现在熟知的一些工作将消失。下列是一些我们正在经历的变化：
今天，伴随就业市场极度透明，我们经常换工作。美国婴儿潮一代出生的人（1946年至1964年）在职业生涯中平均更换11.7次工作。而千禧一代每两年更换一次工作。
我们当中的许多人都采取灵活的工作形式。现在在美国有将近 40％的员工是特遣员工 ，而Uber，TaskRabbit等平台使的灵活用工比以往更容易。
随着人工智能，传感器和机器人成为主流，技术正以前所未有的速度使工作更加自动化。 今年中国采用了16万台机器人代替人工。又例如，每周我读的关于无人驾驶汽车和卡车可能失业的文章 。
组织结构受到冲击，这将改变企业中工作的本质。 92％的首席人力资源执行官和首席执行官告诉我们，他们认为公司的结构必须改变，而且大多数都在考虑如何使层级扁平化，使工作更具活力，并进一步利用临时和合同工。
收入不平等不仅是政治辩论的一个重要话题，业已成为一个根本的社会问题。政策制定者如何鼓励企业根据自动化，临时工和企业架构重组同时又可以提供高薪的工作和福利？
转变的本质是一个简单却非常大的想法：“工作”概念本身，以及所相应产生的概念，如职位，级别和工作描述等正在开始消失。取而代之的是什么？人们被雇佣去做“工作”，完成一个项目，领导一个团队，并随时准备着与业务需求的变化保持同步。
接下来让我把“未来工作”分成三个简单的部分来一一阐述：
首先是对个人的影响：我们为什么工作，工作如何融入我们的生活，我们的职业生涯如何进展，我们如何在技能和能力方面保持与时俱进，以及工作如何给我们带来意义和目的。
其次是对组织的影响：工作的内容是什么，人与机器扮演什么角色，组织如何设置，如何利用临时工，以及公司如何重新定义工作随着软件和机器人不断变的更加强大。
第三，对社会影响：提供什么形式的教育使人们为未来的工作做准备，如何在工作变动时应该如何应对和过渡，如何支持最低工资政策，移民和工作标准，以及如何解决像收入不平等这样的经济问题和失业问题。
今天所有这些问题仍处于辩论之中，希望未来有机会逐个讨论。
未来工作对个人的影响
在个人方面，工作变得弹性，颠覆性和压倒性。由于我们在工作（和家中）的信息和技术的无情攻击，2/3的组织告诉我们他们的员工有点不知所措。今天人们每天看他们的手机80亿次，根据微软的研究人们的注意力区间比金鱼时间更短，而且没有足够的休假时间。（美国的平均假期从1998年的20.3天下降到16.2天）。更糟糕的是，通过Twitter，Skype，Snapchat，WhatsApp，Slack，Facebook，Gmail和Outlook这些似乎有无数的方式可以联系到我们。“工作”和“生活”之间的隔阂已经消失，我们都沉迷于噪音。（谷歌搜索发现85,000条关于“电话瘾”的文章）为应对这一挑战，出现了大量的图书，视频，课程和网站行业都致力于帮助我们管理的生活。现在有工具来帮助我们放松和专注，帮助改善睡眠的计划，跟踪运动的监视器，以及关于运动，营养和超级食物的无数文章。心理学，神经科学，人类表现和瑜伽已经走到一起，我们都变得“量化”了。
虽然这一切对我们个人来说都很难，但更大的问题是我们的生产力不能提高。今天特定的技术浪潮（自iPhone诞生以来）已经提供了任何技术时代的最低生产力提升。（这包括室内管道，电力，汽车和大型计算机的发明）。所以工作并没有变得“容易”。经济学家对此非常担忧（请阅读 Robert Gordon的“美国经济的兴衰” ），因为生产力下降会降低收入增长，经济增长和生活水平的长期提高。
为什么生产力差距？许多经济学家认为，我们衡量生产力的方式已经过时了，但我认为它很清楚。我们真的没有更多的生产力，只是觉得是。我们生活在一个不断产生信息容易分心的世界，同时一直寻找更多的分享方式。当新的消息到来时，我们都遭受FOMO（害怕错过）的困扰。销售这些工具的公司在“用户参与”上赚钱，所以他们已经建立了相当先进的游戏机制。想想手机信息提示的红点：你真的可以阻止你点击它吗？
职业的变化
不仅工作变得更有活力和碾压性，我们管理职业的方式也发生了变化。正如我在《“黑“社会：组织应该做什么 》中所写，我们不得不接受这样一个事实：我们的事业不再“上升”，不能依靠一家公司终身照顾我们。理解这种转变的一个简单方法就是思考《生命的三个箱子》一书的作者迪克·鲍尔斯（Dick Bowles）所创造的形象。现在不像过去，不再按照学习工作然后退休的顺序，而是学习工作享受人生的结合过程，希望这个过程持续到晚年。
未来工作的组织方面
在组织方面，有两件事情正在发生。首先，工作正迅速改变，因为人工智能接管了越来越多的任务。正如我们熟悉的Siri或Cortana，相同类型的软件现在能够翻译照片，传感器信息和数据。保险公司现在有软件可以查看凹陷车的图片，识别汽车的品牌和型号，并计算索赔金额。软件可以读取X射线，判断准确率几乎两倍于经验丰富的放射科医生，而语音识别输入速度比人快300％。自然语言处理，推理和自学等技术正在成熟。Amazon Echo，Apple的Siri，Microsoft的Cortana，IBM的Watson以及Viv Lab的Viv可以理解命令，执行任务和学习。想想呼叫中心会发生什么。当您打电话更改预订或更改订单时，代理商必须查看您的账户，找到您的账户并找到您的交易。现在可以通过语音识别和人工智能来完成大部分工作。如果代理商必须键入到终端中，则可以通过称为RPA（机器人过程自动化）的软件来自动进行打字，该软件监视击键并自动开发机器人软件。这个市场正在加速的原因之一是传感器已经变得比以往更便宜（比我们的眼睛看得更好的传感器现在成本低于2,000美元）。我们携带的智能手机通常有6个嵌入式传感器（温度，GPS，加速计，湿度，环境声，磁力计等）。这些传感器使移动设备能够做我们从未想过电脑可以做的事情，Pokemon Go只是一个开始。不久，我们将会有设备可以听到声音，了解当下到压力水平，监视心跳，同时给出建议关于如何更好的开展会议，工作和客户互动。改进工作和提高生产力的机会是巨大的。我在演讲中提到的一个例子就是农场科技：无人机，人工智能和传感器应用于农业。John Deere等公司的机器使用照相机和传感器精确耕田，在正确的地方种植幼苗，并放置足够的水以保持每个植物的湿润。他们可以“看到”杂草，挑选并添加足够的肥料，查看植物的颜色，判断何时收获。这项技术现在已经可以使用，而且它已经提高了农场生产力
组织自身的重新设计
第二个组织问题是组织架构的重设。今天的工作组织基于“生产资料”的世界，我们的“工作”本质上是由人力资源和企业管理人员设计的。我们阅读“职位描述”，“申请工作”，并进行“适合性评估”。经理或人力资源部门审视技能和能力，并决定是否可以适应组织并做好这项工作。组织存在的原因是要利用这个高效率的工业模式 - 作为职业人，我们可以高效地从事重复性工作，公司可以从规模经济中获益。今天这个经济模式受到打击。我们的研究表明， 92％的公司认为他们的组织设计不起作用，但只有14％知道如何解决这个问题。我们的答案是首先赋能小团队使员工团结一致，然后将这些团队联系起来，构建组织文化使人们保持团结一致，使人们创新，交付，和在第一线服务客户。当我们处在这场大规模革命的早期阶段时，其最大的影响之一就是工作性质本身。通用电气，思科，德勤，以及AirBnB，Uber等众多颠覆性公司正朝着这个方向发展。加里•哈默尔（Gary Hamel）和米歇尔•扎尼尼（Michele Zanini） 认为，仅仅在美国省去不必要的“中层管理人员”每年就能节省3万亿美元。虽然我不能保证这个数字，但显然组织结构正在发生变化，技术的进步减少了企业对传统管理者角色的需求。这对我们个人来说意味着我们的“职位”和“职位”已经不再那么重要了。重要的是“你知道该怎么做”以及你的个人和专业声誉。也意味着我们都必须学习如何不断重振自我，销售和定位我们的技能和经验，并且乐于接受新的工作和新的角色。
工作会消失吗？
关于未来工作的最普遍的标题是工作正在消失。牛津大学撰写了一份广为人知的报告，其中47％的职位将在未来20年“消失”。那么我当然希望如此！我很喜欢收费员，清道夫，垃圾人，甚至公交车司机的工作。这不是一件坏事：研究表明，对于每一个“消失”的工作来说，都会有一两个新工种产生。我不是在谈论计算机编程所需的少量工作（甚至软件工程师将很快实现自动化），我们看到的每一个例子都表明，当“自动化”到来的同时也创造了新的工作。正如麻省理工学院着名教授戴维·奥特（David Autor） 所言：“就业与人口比例在20世纪上升。研究表明在过去的140年里，技术一直是”出色的就业制造机器“。德勤英国公司总经理Ron Hancock表示：“我们应该使工作自动化，人性化。让我们把世俗的机器和目的交给人们。“（德勤研究” 在机器时代工作的基本技能 “）我举两个例子。在二十世纪八十年代，从ATM机开始，银行业出现了一波自动化浪潮。当时的文章预测了银行分行，分行出纳员由于金融服务业自动化将导致就业的消失。事实上正好相反：如今，全世界有超过100万台ATM机，几乎是银行分行的四倍，比八十年代增加了10％以上。自动化使金融交易市场极大扩展。今天的柜员做更高层次的事情（销售以及处理复杂的交易）。我们大多数人去ATM然后走进银行。第二个例子：1981年第一张电子表格被发明出来（最初的Multiplan，后来导致了Lotus 1-2-3，最终导致了Excel）。而华尔街的金融分析师们一直创建基于纸张的电子表格用于财务分析。他们消失了吗？当然不是，情况恰恰相反：今天有更多的财务分析师（包括我们也适用电子表格），其中最优秀饿就是最擅长使用Excel等工具的专家，因此创造了一个更强大的分析师新行业。正如我对德勤一位合伙人所说的那样，你是否担心你的吸尘器将要拿到你的工作？我真的希望吸尘器可以变得更智能，当然也更安静。所以这个问题的答案是NO。工作不会消失而只是在改变。
关于这个话题的最后一点。许多人的技能是必不可少的 。德勤英国的研究调查了数百份工作概况，并将其与牛津大学的研究进行了对照，确定了25项关键的“人才技能”。随着技术的发展，这些技能将变得越来越重要。这些是本质上是人的技能，它们为将来重新设计工作和职业提供了一个指导方针。
下图：基本的人类技能
从列表中可以看出，同理心，倾听，交流和优先排序等技能本质上是人的技能。所以工作的未来不是关于工作的消失，而是关于每个人如何重新定义工作和更好地利用工具。
未来人们和职业将会如何？
未来组织，个人和社会都将变化。我们和组织如何适应呢？在个人层面上，我们每个人都必须学习新的工具。1981年当个人电脑出现在“速记池”时，打字员面临失业的风险。但这些人学会了使用电脑，后来成为秘书、行政助理、作家。我自1978年就开始工作，当时没有语音信箱，电脑，或电子邮件。但是我学会了这些现代化工具，现在我和我的孩子一样轻易使用Snapchat和Instagram这样的应用程序。害怕科技的人会落后，所以我们都要强迫自己学习。如果你是一名人力资源专业人士或商业领袖，你也必须学习技术 - 因为它会影响组织工作的方式。
在组织层面上，成功的关键就是我们现在所谓的设计思维。组织需要了解哪些技术可以做，然后用它来增强客户和员工的体验。让我举几个例子：星巴克或Peets可以选择在其商店安装机器人咖啡机，然而并没有。因为客户体验的重点是可以与咖啡师的进行对话，咖啡的味道和气味，杯子上手写的个人称谓。因此这些公司不断提高咖啡师的工作，稳步提高工资和福利，改善客户体验。Wegman曾被评为美国最好的工作场所之一，他们教导员工放下手机，直接和客户谈话。举行“无电话”会议，构建了使用技术构建后台任务而不是打断客户体验的公司文化。每个公司都有机会重新思考自己的客户和员工的经验，并运用技术使其更好。在某些情况下，这意味着要换工作，但在大多数情况下，这也意味着要使工作“更好”，降低成本和平凡的工作，并增加客户互动的价值。
组织中最大的挑战之一是创造一个更有活力的职业模式。公司现在主要关注内部人才流动性，自主学习以及新的软件工具，以帮助人们找到下一份工作。例如，思科，百胜品牌，Wegman和WL戈尔等公司已经重新定义了他们的管理原则，积极地让员工从一个工作岗位，一个角色转到另一个岗位。事实证明，现代和有活力的职业生涯环境是成功雇主品牌的因素之一。我们的研究成员最近通过Deloitte WhatWorks奖授予了“万宝盛华”（Marriott a Bersin）奖，旨在吸引年轻人进入动态，便利的管理职业。
教育和公共政策必须跟上
许多人认为教育机构没有跟上对社会对稳定技能的需求。我相信，教育在基础技能（思考，写作，分析，数学，科学）的发展中仍然起着至关重要的作用，并且在新教育产业（Pluralsight，大会，EdX和其他数百人）我们迅速学习新的工作技能。公共政策起着很大的作用。很明显，关于收入不平等和派遣工作平台的影响也正在广泛的讨论中。虽然现在更容易找到临时工，但这些工作大部分没有收益，没有休假政策，没有加班，几乎没有与工作有关的费用报销。许多政策制定者正在争取自筹资金的“安全账户”和新的第三类工人为日益增长的临时工提供公平的工资和福利。其他人现在主张“ 共享安全账户 ”，这样人们在更换工作角色和公司时仍可以投入到自己的职业生涯中。经济学家甚至对“ 保证基本收入 ”作为振兴创新和职业再创新的激励机制进行辩论。鉴于有必要加速个人创新和不断重振经济，这些想法都值得考虑。
个人职业
我最近有机会与加里·博莱斯（Gary Bolles）沟通，其父亲的著作《你的降落伞是什么颜色》是关于如何找工作的最好的书籍之一。加里和我一致认为，在今天的“未来工作”中建立的最重要的技能就是“个人改造”的能力 - 放弃今天的自我，根据工作的变化不断自我重新定位。这是一个紧迫的话题。劳工统计局认为美国人在他们有生之年将有12-14份的职业，所以我们必须放弃“你＝工作”的想法。如果您想通过名片上的标题来定义自我价值和个人身份，可能会感到失望。我已经有了超过38年的职业生涯，并曾在技术支持，销售，客户管理，市场营销，产品管理，项目管理，业务发展，工程和行政领导方面工作过。也曾在五个不同的行业工作过，从一个“实习生”到一个CEO和创始人一路扶持。现在我不再以自己的头衔来定义自己，只是简单地告诉人们“我做什么”。我的朋友即将退休。其中一位曾作为商业经理曾走遍世界，他对我说：“记得你年轻的时候，那个坐在隔间里指导他人工作和就职的人吗？现在我也在做。”他仍然热爱工作却贡献了另一种方式，就是帮助其他年轻人获得成功。这个故事还有很多，我来简单总结下：“未来的工作”就在眼前改变，若不时时警惕注意很有可能错过。
花一些时间学习一两个新的工具；参加所在领域的专业会议；花时间与同行交流。每一个人都为未来的工作做准备，且这不会像你想象的那么可怕。
Josh Bersin is Founder and Principal at Bersin by Deloitte, leading provider of research-based membership programs in human resources (HR), talent and learning. I am a global research analyst, public speaker, and writer on the topics of corporate human resources, talent management, recruiting, leadership, technology, and the intersection between work and life.
Future of Work
2018年02月02日
Future of Work
英文学习：How your future office will look
Alexander B.
News Editor at LinkedIn
Offices are changing — again.
While typing pools of the mid 20th century were eventually replaced by cubicles to create more privacy, the open office made a return in the 1990s and onward, being considered more apt to the collaboration needed for creative work environments.
And yet, open offices has left some longing for the days of privacy and peace and quiet. Now, as The New York Times recently noted, the trend is toward a 'palette of spaces' to accommodate the various ways people like to work, whether at a long desk in the open or in a quiet, enclosed space or even at a standing desk next to colleagues.
The Wall Street Journal also points out that shared and communal areas are growing within offices — a move that tries to counter the isolating effects of intensely computer-based work.
That's just the start, says Eivind Karlsen, Head of Design at co-working giant Industrious*. Karlsen sees the future of offices as akin to set design: ever-changing, modular configurations, and immersive environments focused on employee happiness and retention. There may even be a bigger focus on light and sound, a neglected aspect of even the most forward-thinking offices.
Not to mention, coworking spaces are growing exponentially and even big companies are taking advantage of the flexibility and geographic convenience they offer.
I spoke to Karlsen recently about how he sees the future of the workplace in the coming decades.
Can you describe where office design is going and why? Where are we headed?
Office design is changing in a few ways.
Firstly, there is an increased focus on experience, which is tied to metrics around employee satisfaction, retention and productivity. Office design is accommodating this by layering hospitality components - food and beverage, concierge services, and other task-oriented services - to the core offering of traditional office space.
The experience for the tenant, or member as we call them at Industrious, is also changing. Traditionally, if you had a large team you would go to a broker, find a space, hire an architect, build out the space, move in and do the whole thing over again. That is a huge time, money and emotional commitment for a company that has a limited experience in doing this and a different set of core skills and priorities. As a result, a “Workplace-as-a-Service” model has emerged and we are designing and delivering more modular configurations so that a company of any size can come in and find an appropriately sized space.
Beyond these new service layers, perhaps the most interesting development will be in designing immersive environments through a more creative application of innovative lighting and acoustics. It is something akin to set design, where the a thoughtful composition of lighting, sound, furniture and textiles can create diverse and flexible environments that evoke strong emotional responses in people. This will test the degree to which architectural delineations of space will be best method to create our future work environments.
Companies like Meyer Sound Lab has been pushing these boundaries in acoustic engineering - such as being able to simulate the acoustic experience of being in a cathedral when you are actually in a 10'x8' room. This acoustic development is loosely applicable to office space at this time, but will start to become a more relevant tool at our disposal.
Traditional workspace trends seem to be fading fast. What are they being replaced by? And what happened to the cubicle?
There are a couple factors why the cubicle and other traditional workspace trends are no longer viable for companies.
The need for more flexible on-demand real estate. Businesses need great work environments in order to grow and succeed but very few are actually able to execute on this core necessity due to complicated, opaque and expensive processes. The standard commercial real estate lease ranges anywhere from 10-15 years. These long term leases are no longer compatible with how companies, from the Fortune 500 to small to medium businesses (SMBs), forecast their real estate needs.
A more remote workforce and the need for a regional footprint. Businesses are recognizing that the perfect person for a role may live in Tampa, even though HQs are in Seattle. Additionally, large brands keen on expanding to new markets or building regional sales teams, need to provide employees with a home-base to work from. Both of these factors drive companies to seek shared workplaces, aimed at boosting productivity, creativity, and collaboration.
The stereotype of who works in flexible or co-working spaces has evolved. At Industrious, we currently see about 50% of our business coming from enterprise companies and anticipate to see that grow as the Fortune 500 seek remote offices for an increasingly geographically scattered workforce. Demands from small to medium businesses demands will also continue to evolve, as they grow to recognize the power of working in a professional community, devoid of distracting decor, skateboards and kombucha kegs in the corner.
There’s a clear aesthetic that seems to represent the Millennial generation (reclaimed wood, filament bulbs, etc.). Why is that and will that last?
I think this “Millennial design aesthetic” can best be seen in Brooklyn. In part the active regeneration of post-industrial neighborhoods led to a rediscovery of these elements - old industrial fans, parsons work tables, steel window frames and filament bulbs are the staples of that typology. Naturally, as designers were beginning to revitalize these buildings they were motivated and inspired by these details.
What began as a genuine effort to integrate existing features and qualities, has over the course of 20-years become a contrived and played-out fashion.
That said, there are essential aspects of this aesthetic that hold a more permanent value. Firstly that the quality of materials you work with is important, and the grain, texture and quality of the wood is important. The filament bulb, for example, is a passing aesthetic, but it to has some essential qualities - the warm glowing light is easier on the eye, the glow creates an energy, a sense of community, it feels familiar / approachable. The objects through which these qualities are expressed will change over time, but the underlying qualities themselves (human and universal, approachable and genuine) are timeless.
Was the movement to the completely open office just a return to the old typing pools? If so, did we go too far in venerating and spreading that design?
The movement went too far when it was applied indiscriminately. In some cases and in some modes of work the open office can be a formidable model, but in most cases it is not a sustainable way to work. Any model that proposes only one way of working is going to fail. The office needs to accommodate a breadth of spaces.
How important is one’s workplace design? How does it affect workers?
It’s critical. Not just for productivity but also general happiness on the job. According to a recent study, more than 40% of adults in America report feeling lonely, including many in the workplace.
The impact? Vivek H. Murthy, former Surgeon General of the United States, reported that loneliness can cause stress and higher levels of inflammation in the body, Harvard Business Review. At work, loneliness reduces task performance, limits creativity and impairs other aspects of executive function, such as reasoning and decision making.
Why are workers lonely? Exclusively working from home; office spaces that don’t encourage collaboration (rows of cubicles); lack of opportunities for personal connection.
Have increased screen time changed the way our office looks and feels? Do you consider that in your design?
A successful office space needs to offer a respite from the screen. In a way it becomes the antithesis to the screen - soft, calming, analog and transportive. Not to say you can’t embed an office with tech - iBeacons and sensors - but the overall space can’t feel distracting, attention grabbing and loud. Even if the company that works there may be extroverted and loud, the space needs to meet the needs of the employees and support the culture of work alongside the culture of that particular company.
At Industrious, we encourage our team to think of the spaces as a spectrum of introverted and extroverted spaces, and as a landscape of spaces that can accommodate a broad set of workstyles.
Landscapes provide inspiration – they are an aggregation of a variety of spatial conditions, they are a canvas for culture, they are inhabited by a variety of different users with a range of needs and they are tested over time.
*New York-based Industrious currently has 25 coworking locations around the country and plans 50-60 locations by end of 2018.
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